Umehluko phakathi kwe-Modbus ne-Fieldbus

Ukubukwa: 11059 About the Author: Umhleli Wesayithi Isikhathi sokushicilela: 2024-09-24 Umsuka: Site

Ezinhlelweni zesimanje ezishintshayo zezimboni, ukukhetha kwephrothokholi yokuxhumana kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe, i-Modbus ne-Fieldbus seziphenduke izivumelwano ezimbili ezinkulu zokuxhumana, ngayinye enezici ezihlukile kanye nezimo zohlelo lokusebenza.

Yini i-Modbus

Iphrothokholi yeModbus yasungulwa yiModicon ngo-1979. Iyiphrothokholi yokuxhumana elula nevulekile esekela ukuxhumana okulandelanayo (RTU, ASCII) kanye nokuxhumana kwe-Ethernet (TCP/IP). Isakhiwo sayo esilula, ukusetshenziswa okulula kanye nezindleko eziphansi kwenza isetshenziswe kabanzi emkhakheni we-automation yezimboni, okwenza amadivayisi amaningi agqilazwe akwazi ukuxhumana ngedivayisi eyodwa eyinhloko.

Yini i-Fieldbus

I-Fieldbus yasungulwa ngeminyaka yawo-1980 futhi yakhelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokulawula isikhathi sangempela kanye nezinhlelo ezisabalalisiwe. Iphrothokholi yokuxhumana isekela izindinganiso eziningi, njenge-Foundation Fieldbus (FF), i-PROFIBUS ne-HART. I-Fieldbus igcizelela isikhathi sangempela nokusebenza kahle okuphezulu, inamandla okuxhumana aqinile ngesikhathi sangempela kanye nesakhiwo senethiwekhi esivumelana nezimo, ingahlanganisa ukulawula nokudluliswa kwedatha kunethiwekhi efanayo, futhi isekela ukuxhumana kwesikhathi sangempela phakathi kwamadivayisi amaningi. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Modbus, i-Fieldbus inikeza amazinga aphezulu okudluliswa kwedatha kanye nezihloko zenethiwekhi eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi ifanele izindawo zezimboni ezinezidingo zokusebenza eziphezulu.

Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-Modbus ne-Fieldbus

Isakhiwo senethiwekhi

I-Modbus: ngokuvamile ithatha isakhiwo se-master-slave, futhi idivayisi eyinhloko ingakwazi ukuxhumana namadivayisi amaningi wezigqila.
I-Fieldbus: isekela izinhlobonhlobo zezihloko zenethiwekhi, njengebhasi, indandatho, inkanyezi, njll., ukuze kuzuzwe ukulawula okusabalalisiwe kwangempela.

Isivinini sokuxhumana nokusebenza kwesikhathi sangempela

I-Modbus: Ijubane lokuxhumana lihamba kancane futhi ukusebenza kwesikhathi sangempela kuyisilinganiso.
I-Fieldbus: Isivinini sokuxhumana siyashesha futhi ukusebenza kwesikhathi sangempela kunamandla, okufanele izikhathi ezinezidingo zesikhathi sangempela eziphezulu.

Umthamo wedatha

I-Modbus: Ivolumu yokudluliswa kwedatha ilinganiselwe futhi ifanele ukushintshaniswa kwedatha okulula.
I-Fieldbus: Isekela inani elikhulu lokudluliswa kwedatha futhi ifanele izinhlelo zokulawula eziyinkimbinkimbi.

Ubunkimbinkimbi besistimu

I-Modbus: Uhlelo lulula futhi kulula ukulisebenzisa nokunakekela.
I-Fieldbus: Uhlelo luyinkimbinkimbi futhi ludinga ukucushwa nokuphathwa kochwepheshe.

Incazelo	Imodbus	Profibus
Umsuka/Ukuthuthukiswa	Yethulwe yi-Modicon ngo-1979, ikakhulukazi izicelo zezimboni.	Yathuthukiswa ngabakwa-Siemens ngo-1989 njengengxenye ye-European Fieldbus Standard.
Uhlobo	Iphrothokholi yokuxhumana ye-serial.	Izinga le-Fieldbus lemisebenzi eyinkimbinkimbi ye-automation.
Ukusetshenziswa Okuyisisekelo	Isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa idatha phakathi kwamadivayisi okulawula nezinzwa.	Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezizenzakalelayo zokuxhuma izinzwa, ama-actuator, nezilawuli.
Ukuhanjiswa kwedatha	Iphrothokholi yesigqila esiyinhloko lapho idivayisi eyinhloko iqala khona imibuzo.	Iphrothokholi yokudlulisa amathokheni lapho idivayisi eyinhloko ilawula ukuxhumana.
Amamodi wokudlulisa	Isekela i-ASCII, i-RTU, ne-TCP/IP.	I-DP (Decentralized Peripherals) kanye ne-PA (Process Automation).
Speed	Kufika ku-19.2 Kbps ku-serial, ephezulu ku-TCP/IP.	Kufika ku-12 Mbps (Profibus-DP).
I-Topology	Isekela i-topology elula yomugqa noma yenkanyezi (i-Modbus TCP/IP).	I-Profibus-DP isekela indandatho, inkanyezi, nama-topology alayini.
Ubukhulu Amadivayisi	Isekela amadivayisi angu-247 ku-serial, cishe angenamkhawulo ku-TCP/IP.	I-Profibus-DP isekela amadivayisi angafika kwangu-126.
Ubude bekhebula	Kufika kumamitha angu-1,200 nge-RS-485.	Kufika kumamitha ayi-1,200 (nabaphindayo bamabanga amade).
Iphutha lokuhlola	Isebenzisa i-CRC (Cyclical Redundancy Check) ku-RTU, isheke ku-ASCII.	Isebenzisa i-CRC ukuhlola iphutha.
Isendlalelo sohlelo lokusebenza	Kulula (funda/bhala imisebenzi).	Okuyinkimbinkimbi ngokwengeziwe, ilungele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Ukusebenzisana	Iphakeme ngenxa yobulula bayo nokusetshenziswa okusabalele.	Iphezulu, kodwa igxile kakhulu emikhiqizweni evela kubakhiqizi abathile.
Ukutholwa Kwemboni	Yamukelwa kabanzi ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene ngenxa yobulula bayo nokusebenziseka kalula.	Isetshenziswa kakhulu ezimbonini zaseYurophu nezezimoto.
Inkimbinkimbi/Izindleko	Ilula uma iqhathaniswa futhi inezindleko eziphansi.	Izindleko eziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ngokuvamile eziphakeme ngenxa yezici ezithuthukile.

Isimo sohlelo lokusebenza ukuqhathanisa nesifinyezo

I-Modbus ne-Fieldbus zinezinzuzo zazo ezimweni zohlelo lokusebenza. I-Modbus ilungele izinhlelo zokulawula ezincane kanye nokutholwa nokuqapha kwedatha elula, futhi ithandwa ngenxa yobulula bayo nezindleko eziphansi. I-Fieldbus ilungele izinhlelo zokulawula izimboni ezinkulu neziyinkimbinkimbi, ezifana ne-petrochemical, amandla kanye nemigqa yokukhiqiza ezenzakalelayo. Ngamandla ayo okulawula esikhathi sangempela aqinile nasatshalaliswa, isebenza kahle ezindaweni ezidingeka kakhulu.

Ekusetshenzisweni okusebenzayo, i-Modbus isetshenziswa kabanzi ekuqapheni izinga lokushisa nokulawula iphampu, kuyilapho i-Fieldbus isetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo ekulawuleni umugqa wokukhiqiza oyinkimbinkimbi nokuqapha inqubo. Lezi zici zidinga amabhizinisi ukuthi acabangele ngokuphelele ubunkimbinkimbi besistimu, izidingo zesikhathi sangempela kanye nobukhulu besikhathi esizayo lapho ekhetha iphrothokholi yokuxhumana. Ngokuthuthuka kwe-Industrial 4.0, ukukhetha kwephrothokholi yezokuxhumana sekubaluleke kakhulu. Ukuqonda umehluko phakathi kwe-Modbus ne-Fieldbus kuzosiza amabhizinisi enze izinqumo ezinolwazi kakhulu ukuze akhe amasistimu okulawula okuzenzakalelayo asebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ahlakaniphile.

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